Axford Lecture
Title: Space – The Ultimate Frontier
Mon-28 Jul, PM1 16:00 to 18:00


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Robert
WIMMER-SCHWEINGRUBER

University of Kiel

Speaker Biography

Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber is Director of the Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics at the University of Kiel, Germany, and Guest Professor at the National Space Science Center (NSSC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing. Dr. Wimmer-Schweingruber obtained his PhD from the University of Bern, Switzerland, in 1994. After a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Maryland in College Park, he was called back to the University of Bern to lead two space projects, where he also obtained his venia docendi in 2001. In 2002 he was called to the University of Kiel in northern Germany to lead the division of Extraterrestrial Physics.

He is interested in the physics of the heliosphere, the giant bubble that is inflated into interstellar space by the supersonic solar wind. Together with his team he has developed instruments for numerous space missions, most recently for the European Space Agency’s Solar Orbiter and China’s Chang’E-4 lunar mission. He has authored and co-authored more than 250 scientific publications which range from novel experimental methods to theoretical predictions, and from planetary science to mission descriptions to investigate interstellar space. He has directed more than 20 PhD theses, serves and has served on numerous national and international committees and is the recipient of the 2006 Greinacher prize of the University of Bern, of the 2020 International Cooperation Zhongguancun Award of the City of Beijing, and the 2023 Beijing Science and Technology Award. Currently he is working on better understanding the micro-physics of how particles are accelerated to such high energies that they can become a radiation danger to astronauts, and on designing a novel instrument for a future ESA space mission.


Abstract

We live on a very comfortable and beautiful planet – Earth – embedded in a vast expanse of empty space. Close to Earth this empty space is shaped by the Earth’s magnetic field, beyond that, the Sun rules. But even its rule is limited: The solar system itself is embedded in the very local interstellar medium, our immediate galactic neighborhood. These distances are daunting and limit exploration of space to our very, very local cosmic environment, the solar system. It is full of fascinating objects: the planets, moons, and other bodies, as well as the very dilute plasma that fills the space between these bodies. Plasma is the most common state of known matter in the universe.

A wealth of insights about how the solar system works has been gleaned from remote-sensing observations, but to answer many questions we still need to resort to measuring properties in situ. But even such in-situ measurements would often benefit from “a human in the loop” or human presence when exploring the solar system. Humans, however, are not made for space, it is a risky business to dwell in or travel through space. One of the least manageable risks is space radiation because its effects can affect humans decades after exposure to it.

In my talk I will address our place in space and our attempts to explore space radiation with a special focus on its origins and properties, its effects on humans and its implications for human exploration of space, or – to be more realistic – of our solar system. I will present recent findings on the origins and properties of space radiation from the European Space Agency’s Solar Orbiter and other space missions with a focus on multi-SC observations. These will illustrate the importance of international cooperation to explore space – the ultimate frontier.





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